WebSockets in System Design: When You Need a Persistent Connection
What are websockets: the websocket vs http comparison, the websocket connection lifecycle in six steps, and scaling websocket…
Tag
system-design
58 articles
Rate Limiting in System Design: Algorithms and Distributed Enforcement
The rate limiting algorithms that matter (token bucket, leaky bucket, sliding window) how distributed enforcement works across a…
API Gateway in System Design: The Front Door of Microservices
What an API gateway does (routing, authentication, rate limits, transformation) how it differs from a reverse proxy and…
How a CDN Works: Edge Caching, TTLs, and Cache Hit Ratio
How a CDN serves content from edge servers near users; cache hits, origin fetches, TTLs, cache hit ratio,…
Reverse Proxy Explained: The Server in Front of Your Servers
What a reverse proxy is, what it does (TLS termination, routing, security) how it differs from a forward…
Load Balancing in System Design: Types, Algorithms, and Health Checks
What a load balancer does, how L4 and L7 balancing differ, which algorithm to pick (round robin, least…
Client-Server Architecture: The Model Every System Design Builds On
Client server architecture explained: how the client server model works, stateless vs stateful servers, and the request response…
The CAP Theorem and Consistency Models, Explained Practically
CAP says that during a network partition, a distributed system must choose between consistency and availability. Precise definitions,…
Availability vs Reliability vs Durability: Precise Definitions for Engineers
Availability is uptime, reliability is correct behavior over time, durability is data survival. Exact definitions, the nines table,…
Latency vs Throughput: The Two Numbers That Define Performance
Latency is the time one request takes; throughput is how many requests you serve. How they differ, why…